{
  "gender" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male",
    "label" : "Männlich"
  } ],
  "dateOfDeath" : [ "1781" ],
  "type" : [ "DifferentiatedPerson", "AuthorityResource", "Person" ],
  "gndSubjectCategory" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#16.5p",
    "label" : "Personen der Geschichte (Politiker und historische Persönlichkeiten)"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#10.2dp",
    "label" : "Personen zu Wirtschaftswissenschaften"
  } ],
  "oldAuthorityNumber" : [ "(DE-588a)118763202", "(DE-588)160506964", "(DE-588a)160506956", "(DE-588)158555570", "(DE-588a)160506964", "(DE-588)160506956", "(DE-588a)158555570", "(DE-588c)4107320-4", "(DE-588)160506972", "(DE-588a)160506972" ],
  "geographicAreaCode" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-FR",
    "label" : "Frankreich"
  } ],
  "biographicalOrHistoricalInformation" : [ "Politiker, Wirtschaftswissenschaftler", "Leading physiocrat and economic theorist" ],
  "pseudonymNameOfThePerson" : [ {
    "type" : "PseudonymNameOfThePerson",
    "personalName" : [ "Pierre André" ]
  }, {
    "type" : "PseudonymNameOfThePerson",
    "personalName" : [ "Peter Andreas" ]
  }, {
    "type" : "PseudonymNameOfThePerson",
    "forename" : [ "Peter" ],
    "surname" : [ "Andreas" ]
  } ],
  "publication" : [ "Fils d'un bon laboureur, sur le finances", "Le Conciliateur", "Reflexions sur la formation et la distribution des richesses", "Mémoire sur les prêts d'argent", "Bentham, Jeremy: Défense de l'usure", "Plusieurs Mémoires du M. Turgot", "Sur les Finances", "Des administrations provinciales", "Untersuchung über die Natur und den Ursprung der Reichthümer und ihrer V*", "Lettres sur les Grains. - s.a." ],
  "describedBy" : {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118763202/about",
    "maintainer" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "dctCreator" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "license" : {
      "id" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
      "label" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"
    },
    "dateModified" : "2025-04-05T19:59:57.000",
    "descriptionLevel" : {
      "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/description-level#1",
      "label" : "Katalogisierungslevel 1"
    }
  },
  "broaderTermInstantial" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4000464-8",
    "label" : "Adel"
  } ],
  "gndIdentifier" : "118763202",
  "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118763202",
  "preferredName" : "Turgot, Anne-Robert-Jacques",
  "wikipedia" : [ {
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot",
    "label" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot"
  } ],
  "preferredNameEntityForThePerson" : {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  },
  "professionOrOccupationAsLiteral" : [ "Wirtschaftstheoretiker" ],
  "depiction" : [ {
    "id" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Graincourt%2C%20attributed%20to%20-%20Turgot%20-%20Versailles%20MV%203923.jpg",
    "url" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graincourt%2C%20attributed%20to%20-%20Turgot%20-%20Versailles%20MV%203923.jpg?uselang=de",
    "thumbnail" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Graincourt%2C%20attributed%20to%20-%20Turgot%20-%20Versailles%20MV%203923.jpg?width=270",
    "publisher" : "Wikimedia Commons",
    "creatorName" : [ "Attributed to Antoine Graincourt" ],
    "creditText" : [ "chateauversailles.fr" ],
    "copyrighted" : false,
    "license" : [ {
      "id" : "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/",
      "attributionRequired" : false,
      "name" : "Public Domain",
      "abbr" : "PD"
    } ]
  } ],
  "professionOrOccupation" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4046517-2",
    "label" : "Politiker"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4053309-8",
    "label" : "Schriftsteller"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4122878-9",
    "label" : "Baron"
  } ],
  "dateOfBirth" : [ "1727" ],
  "variantNameEntityForThePerson" : [ {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques d'Aulne" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Peter Andreas" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert J." ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "D’Aulne Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne R." ],
    "surname" : [ "L'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot de l’Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot D’Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot de l'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "D'Aulne Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Pierre André" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot" ],
    "prefix" : [ "de" ],
    "surname" : [ "L'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques Turgot" ],
    "prefix" : [ "de" ],
    "surname" : [ "L'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Tu-erh-ko" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot de l'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Peter" ],
    "surname" : [ "Andreas" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert Jacques" ],
    "prefix" : [ "de l'" ],
    "surname" : [ "Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques d’Aulne" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne R." ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "..." ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert Jacques Turgot" ],
    "prefix" : [ "de l'" ],
    "surname" : [ "Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne R." ],
    "prefix" : [ "de l'" ],
    "surname" : [ "Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne R. de l'Aulne" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "M." ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert Jacques" ],
    "prefix" : [ "de" ],
    "surname" : [ "L'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot D'Aulne" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne-Robert-Jacques de Laune" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "A. R. J." ],
    "surname" : [ "Turgot" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Anne Robert Jacques" ],
    "prefix" : [ "d'" ],
    "surname" : [ "Aulne Turgot" ]
  } ],
  "@context" : "https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld",
  "deprecatedUri" : [ "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506964", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506972", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/158555570", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506956" ],
  "titleOfNobility" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4122878-9",
    "label" : "Baron"
  } ],
  "variantName" : [ "L'Aulne, Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot de", "L'Aulne, Anne R.", "Peter Andreas", "Tu-erh-ko", "Turgot, Anne Robert", "Turgot de l'Aulne, Anne-Robert-Jacques", "Turgot, ...", "Turgot, Jacques", "Aulne Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques d'", "D'Aulne Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques", "Turgot, Anne-Robert Jacques", "Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques d'Aulne", "Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques", "L'Aulne, Anne-Robert Jacques de", "Andreas, Peter", "Pierre André", "L'Aulne, Anne Robert Jacques Turgot de", "Turgot D’Aulne, Anne-Robert-Jacques", "Aulne, Anne-Robert Jacques Turgot de l'", "Turgot, Anne R. de l'Aulne", "Turgot, Anne-Robert-Jacques de Laune", "Turgot, M.", "Turgot, A. R. J.", "D’Aulne Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques", "Aulne, Anne-Robert Jacques de l'", "Turgot de l'Aulne, Anne-Robert Jacques", "Turgot, Anne R.", "Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques d’Aulne", "Turgot, Anne-Robert J.", "Aulne, Anne R. de l'", "Turgot de l’Aulne, Anne-Robert-Jacques", "Turgot D'Aulne, Anne-Robert-Jacques" ],
  "sameAs" : [ {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "BNF",
      "name" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "publisher" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "icon" : "https://www.bnf.fr/themes/custom/bnfsi/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19938912"
    },
    "id" : "http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119272595"
  }, {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n50051803",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13219454",
      "abbr" : "LC",
      "publisher" : "Library of Congress",
      "icon" : "http://www.loc.gov/favicon.ico",
      "name" : "NACO Authority File"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/12316007",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919",
      "abbr" : "VIAF",
      "publisher" : "OCLC",
      "icon" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico",
      "name" : "Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221303",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2013",
      "abbr" : "WIKIDATA",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://www.wikidata.org/static/favicon/wikidata.ico",
      "name" : "Wikidata"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578"
    },
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118763202/about"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/158555570",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506956",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506964",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/160506972",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://dbpedia.org/resource/Anne-Robert-Jacques_Turgot,_Baron_de_Laune",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://dbpedia.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "dewiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (Deutsch)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48183"
    },
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "enwiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (English)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q328"
    },
    "id" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://isni.org/isni/0000000121208407",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://isni.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DE-611",
      "name" : "Kalliope Verbundkatalog",
      "publisher" : "Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz",
      "icon" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/img/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info"
    },
    "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/gnd/118763202"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DDB",
      "name" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q621630"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118763202"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "Portraitindex",
      "name" : "Digitaler Portraitindex der druckgraphischen Bildnisse der Frühen Neuzeit",
      "publisher" : "Deutsches Dokumentationszentrum für Kunstgeschichte - Bildarchiv Foto Marburg",
      "icon" : "https://www.portraitindex.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://www.portraitindex.de"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.portraitindex.de/dokumente/pnd/118763202"
  } ]
}