{
  "professionOrOccupation" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020214-8",
    "label" : "Geograf"
  } ],
  "placeOfBirth" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4005728-8",
    "label" : "Berlin"
  } ],
  "gender" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male",
    "label" : "Männlich"
  } ],
  "dateOfBirth" : [ "1940" ],
  "variantNameEntityForThePerson" : [ {
    "forename" : [ "R." ],
    "surname" : [ "Mäckel" ]
  } ],
  "type" : [ "Person", "DifferentiatedPerson", "AuthorityResource" ],
  "@context" : "https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld",
  "gndSubjectCategory" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#19.1dp",
    "label" : "Personen zu Geografie, Heimat- und Länderkunde"
  } ],
  "oldAuthorityNumber" : [ "(DE-588a)12238203X", "(DE-588c)4609778-8" ],
  "geographicAreaCode" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-DE",
    "label" : "Deutschland"
  } ],
  "biographicalOrHistoricalInformation" : [ "1978-2005 Professor für Physische Geographie an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau. Priv. Doz. an der Freien Universität Berlin; Geowissenschaften. Schwerpunkte: Tropisch-Afrika (Kenia, Sambia), Subtropen (Chile, Italien, Spanien), Australien, Neuseeland und Südwestdeutschland (Schwarzwald, Oberrheintiefland)." ],
  "affiliation" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/2024338-8",
    "label" : "Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/2122436-5",
    "label" : "Freie Universität Berlin. Fachbereich Geowissenschaften"
  } ],
  "academicDegree" : [ "Prof. Dr." ],
  "publication" : [ "Die Naturräume um Freiburg im Breisgau. Ein Handbuch für die Gestaltung Geographischer Exkursionen (Freiburger Geographische Hefte 74)", "Flussentwicklung - Landdegradierung -Landnutzungswandel. Ergebnisbericht einer Kooperationsreise nach Australien und Neuseeland..", "Naturpotential und Landdegradierung in den Trockengebieten Kenias", "Umwelt und Entwicklung. Naturpotential und Landnutzung in den Tropen" ],
  "describedBy" : {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/12238203X/about",
    "maintainer" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "dctCreator" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "license" : {
      "id" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
      "label" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"
    },
    "dateModified" : "2026-05-27T16:37:45.000",
    "descriptionLevel" : {
      "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/description-level#1",
      "label" : "Katalogisierungslevel 1"
    }
  },
  "gndIdentifier" : "12238203X",
  "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/12238203X",
  "placeOfActivity" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4018272-1",
    "label" : "Freiburg im Breisgau"
  } ],
  "preferredName" : "Mäckel, Rüdiger",
  "variantName" : [ "Mäckel, R." ],
  "preferredNameEntityForThePerson" : {
    "forename" : [ "Rüdiger" ],
    "surname" : [ "Mäckel" ]
  },
  "sameAs" : [ {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "BNF",
      "name" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "publisher" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "icon" : "https://www.bnf.fr/themes/custom/bnfsi/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19938912"
    },
    "id" : "http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12429983q"
  }, {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n86055256",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13219454",
      "abbr" : "LC",
      "publisher" : "Library of Congress",
      "icon" : "http://www.loc.gov/favicon.ico",
      "name" : "NACO Authority File"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/264409364",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919",
      "abbr" : "VIAF",
      "publisher" : "OCLC",
      "icon" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico",
      "name" : "Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q95320813",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2013",
      "abbr" : "WIKIDATA",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://www.wikidata.org/static/favicon/wikidata.ico",
      "name" : "Wikidata"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578"
    },
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/12238203X/about"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://isni.org/isni/0000000108867141",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://isni.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DE-611",
      "name" : "Kalliope Verbundkatalog",
      "publisher" : "Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz",
      "icon" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/img/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info"
    },
    "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/gnd/12238203X"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DDB",
      "name" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q621630"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/12238203X"
  } ]
}